| Type-0 | 
                 Unrestricted | 
                 Recursively enumerable | 
                 Turing machine | 
            
            
                | — | 
                 (no common name) | 
                Decidable | 
                Decider | 
            
            
                | Type-1 | 
                 Context-sensitive | 
                 Context-sensitive | 
                 Linear-bounded | 
            
            
                | — | 
                 Positive range concatenation | 
                 Positive range concatenation* | 
                 PTIME Turing Machine | 
            
            
                | — | 
                 Indexed | 
                 Indexed* | 
                 Nested stack | 
            
            
                | — | 
                 — | 
                 — | 
                 Thread automaton | 
            
            
                | — | 
                 Linear context-free rewriting systems | 
                 Linear context-free rewriting language | 
                 restricted Tree stack automaton | 
            
            
                | — | 
                 Tree-adjoining | 
                 Tree-adjoining | 
                 Embedded pushdown | 
            
            
                | Type-2 | 
                 Context-free | 
                 Context-free | 
                 Nondeterministic pushdown | 
            
            
                | — | 
                 Deterministic context-free | 
                 Deterministic context-free | 
                 Deterministic pushdown | 
            
            
                | — | 
                 Visibly pushdown | 
                 Visibly pushdown | 
                 Visibly pushdown | 
            
            
                | Type-3 | 
                 Regular | 
                 Regular | 
                 Finite | 
            
            
                | — | 
                 — | 
                 Star-free | 
                 Counter-free (with aperiodic finite monoid) | 
            
            
                | — | 
                 Non-recursive | 
                 Finite | 
                 Acyclic finite |